Teori Alamiah Dalam Pandangan John Locke

Abstract

Human life before the formation of the state is described as a state of nature. Human life is but a continual effort in satisfying the passions and seeking happiness avoiding what one does not like. This essence will bring people to compete with each other and fight for power. The human factor will always fight other humans, namely the tendency to achieve greatness, the factor of human equality and the factor of religion. The purpose of this research is to see how the Natural Theory overcomes the nature of competition between humans in the realm of power. This research method is qualitative with a philosophical approach. The results of this study found that essentially in a natural state or theory (state of nature), humans have the same dignity and degree because they have similarities in reasoning abilities, similarities in natural advantages as well as powers and jurisdiction. Then other things such as being subject to and bound to natural law and natural rights that make human dignity equal. In this perspective, John Locke formulates natural rights into three forms, namely the right to life, the right to freedom and independence, and also the right to own something (property). The position of the three natural rights is naturalist status in which John Locke argues for this naturalist status as a place where humans can live as equals so that they are in harmony and a peaceful state. Likewise with the law, namely natural law that regulates the relationship between other individuals in human relations before the existence of the state